High-Sulphur Fuel Oil
High-Sulphur Fuel Oil (HSFO) is a type of heavy fuel oil with a high sulphur content, typically above 0.5%. It is primarily used as a bunker fuel for powering ships in the maritime industry. HSFO is derived from the residue produced during crude oil refining process. It is less expensive than other types of fuel, making it a popular choice for shipping companies. However, its high sulphur content makes it environmentally unfriendly, as burning HSFO releases sulphur oxides into the atmosphere, contributing to air pollution and acid rain. To mitigate this, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) implemented a global sulphur cap in 2020, limiting the sulphur content in marine fuels to 0.5%. This has led to a shift towards using low-sulphur fuel oil or other alternatives like liquefied natural gas. Despite this, HSFO is still used in some areas where regulations are less strict or where scrubber technology, which removes sulphur from ship emissions, is installed on ships.
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