Exclusive Economic Zones

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a maritime zone extending 200 nautical miles (370 km) from a coastal state's baseline, within which the state has special rights to explore, exploit and manage the natural resources in the water column and on the seabed. These resources include fish stocks, oil and gas reserves, and minerals. The coastal state also has jurisdiction over the establishment and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures for economic purposes. The EEZ was introduced by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982 to balance the interests of coastal states and the international community in the use of the world's oceans.

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Exclusive Economic Zones

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